Revised and Updated Systematic Inventory of Non-Marine Molluscs Occurring in the State of Santa Catarina/SC, Central Southern Brazil Region

Abstract

Based on the last list of non-marine molluscs from Santa Catarina state, published in 2014, the current inventory of continental molluscs (terrestrial and freshwater) occurring in the State of Santa Catarina/SC is finally consolidated, with a verified/confirmed registry of 232 species and subspecies, sustained product of complete 22 years of systematic field researches, examination of specimens deposited in collections of museums and parallel reference studies, covering 198 gastropods (156 terrestrial, 2 amphibians, 40 freshwater) and 34 limnic bivalves, in addition to the addition of another new twelve (12) species (eighth land gastropods - Leptinaria parana (Pilsbry, 1906); Bulimulus cf. stilbe Pilsbry, 1901; Orthalicus aff. prototypus (Pilsbry, 1899); Megalobulimus abbreviatus Bequaert, 1848; Megalobulimus januarunensis Fontanelle, Cavallari & Simone, 2014; Megalobulimus sanctipauli (Ihering, 1900); Happia sp (in determination process); Macrochlamys indica Benson, 1832 - and four bivalves - Corbicula fluminalis (Müller, 1774); Pisidium aff. dorbignyi (Clessin, 1879); Pisidium aff. vile (Pilsbry, 1897); Sphaerium cambaraense (Mansur, Meier-Brook & Ituarte, 2008) -). Among the species previously related, 26 correspond to exotic and invasive forms (22 gastropods, four bivalves). Additional information regarding its known regional geographic distribution is incorporated/included and updated.

Keywords

Continental (land & limnic) molluscs, Santa Catarina state, Central southern brazil region, Species inventory

Abbreviations

FURB MO - Malacological collection of Fundação Universidade Regional de Blumenau

Continuing with the regional researches conducted since the year 1996 [1], the present contribution incorporates a further twelve (12) species of continental molluscs (terrestrial and freshwater) to the systematic inventory of the State of Santa Catarina/SC previously established [2], knowledge reached in the course of survey work based mainly on publishing reports [3-8], increasing to 232 its number of registered forms, including 99 genera (87 Gastropoda & 12 Bivalvia) and 41 families (36 Gastropoda & 5 Bivalvia) regionally known (Table 1), the final product of complete 22 years of sustained research.

The taxonomic arrangement presented, including categories of genus, species and subspecies, follows the classification of Agudo-Padrón [2,9] involving the general contributions of Bouchet & Rocroi [10], Simone [11], Thomé, et al. [12], Simone [13], Breure, et al. [14], Breure & Romero [15] and Birckolz, et al. [16]. Additionally, the valid status of each species was verified through the virtual program WoRMS (World Register of Marine Species), which also involves non-marine forms.

As in the previous opportunity, the territory of the State was divided into six (6) large malacological regions (Figure 1), for the purposes of the best knowledge concerning the biogeographic distribution of the species thus enumerated [2]. For each related taxa/species a certain quantity of numbers are included, indicating their known spatial occurrence in the corresponding geographical regions.

Results

Species Inventory (Table 1).

Final Considerations

Traditionally, research on molluscs in the Santa Catarina State/SC territory has focused almost entirely on development of commercial cultivation of marine species, non-natives and natives [17,18] and, very occasionally, some freshwater forms [19]. Other general aspects of their bio-ecology, distribution and conservation situation are practically ignored and/or relegated to the background [8,20-22]. However, there are researchers who act outside the State expressing an occasional interest in developing some more specific and focused studies of the local malacofauna [23], particularly in the specific geographic and ecological region of the Itajaí Valley, the largest river basin of the Atlantic slope in Santa Catarina [18].

In this opportunity, additional twelve (12) new species (eight land gastropods - Leptinaria parana (Pilsbry, 1906) (Figure 2); Bulimulus cf. stilbe (Pilsbry, 1901) (Figure 3); Orthalicus aff. prototypus (Pilsbry, 1899); Megalobulimus abbreviatus (Bequaert, 1848); Megalobulimus januarunensis Fontanelle, (Cavallari & Simone, 2014); Megalobulimus sanctipauli (Ihering, 1900); Happia sp (in determination process) (Figure 4); Macrochlamys indica (Benson, 1832) (Figure 5) - and four bivalves - Corbicula fluminalis (Müller, 1774); Pisidium aff. dorbignyi (Clessin, 1879); Pisidium aff. vile (Pilsbry, 1897); Sphaerium cambaraense (Mansur, Meier-Brook & Ituarte, 2008) were confirmed and added to the inventory.

From the knowledge available in the last systematic listing generated [2], suppressed synonyms and some other inconsistencies detected that initially went unnoticed, still embedded in recently presented technical data [24], the current inventory of continental freshwater/limnic and land/terrestrial molluscs in the State of Santa Catarina/SC is finally consolidated, with a verified/confirmed record of 232 species and subspecies, including 99 genera (87 Gastropoda & 12 Bivalvia) and 41 families (36 Gastropoda & 5 Bivalvia) regionally known, the most recent being incorporated the natives SUBULINIDAE Leptinaria parana (Pilsbry, 1906) (Figure 2), BULIMULIDAE Bulimulus cf. stilbe (Pilsbry, 1901) (Figure 3), and the exotic invasive indo-asiatic ARIOPHANTIDAE Macrochlamys indica (Benson, 1832) (Figure 5).

Among the species previously listed in the list, 26 correspond to exotic and invasive forms (22 gastropods, four bivalves). On the other hand, the situation of one of the five (5) native Gastropoda species previously mentioned in the literature and awaiting taxonomic determination [2,4] the AMPHIBULIMIDAE Plekocheilus (Eurytus) aff. rhodocheilus (Reeve, 1848) (Figure 6), was "partially" resolved [25], but another one later incorporated, the SYSTROPHIIDAE Happia sp [3] (Figure 5) is still pending.

For all taxa involved in general (Table 1) new information concerning their known regional geographic distribution (Figure 1) have been incorporated/included and updated. This positive result (increase of reported species and additions to the knowledge regarding the geographical coverage of this biodiversity in the state) clearly reflects the product of the systematic research and concentrated efforts developed on the field in recent last years.

Finally, only one (1) native form in particular, the bivalve HYRIIDAE Diplodon expansus (Küster, 1856) (Table 1), syn. Rhipidodonta charruana (d'Orbigny, 1835), occurs simultaneously in each and every one of the six (6) malacological regions estableced for the State (Figure 1), as well as the following four (4) invasive exotic gastropods: Lymnaea columella (Say, 1817), Meghimatium pictum (Stoliczka, 1873), Deroceras laeve (Müller, 1774) and Bradybaena similaris (Rang, 1831).

Acknowledgements

Special thanks to the field naturalist "Jefferson Souza da Luz" (staff of the "Project AM, long time partner) for his important active contribution and participation during the development of this research, as well as to anonymous reviewers for their timely and valuable observations and suggestions, which have substantially improved the contents of this work.

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