Annals of Gynecology and Obstetrics

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Table of Content: Volume 3, Issue 1

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Research Article Pages 50-58

Prognostic Value of Tumour-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Changes between Pre and Post-Neoadjuvant Treatment and in Residual Disease in Triple Negative Breast Cancer

Authors: Herrero-Vicent C, Calatrava A, Ramirez M, Gavila J, Guerrero A, Hernandez-Serra A, Lopez-Guerrero JA, Guillem-Porta V and Ruiz-Simon A

Abstract: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease with different biological behaviours and aggressiveness. Cancer immune edition has been revealed as a major hallmark in cancer. In patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) it is the perfect setting to study possible changes in tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) levels since we have histological sample pre-treatment after NAC lacking pathological complete response (pCR).

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Case Report Pages 47-49

Three-Dimensional Ultrasound Assists in Accurately Characterizing Cervical Ectopic Gestation: A Case Report

Authors: June Ng, MD, Shelley Dolitsky, MD, Mark V Sauer, MD and Meike Schuster, DO

Abstract: Cervical ectopic pregnancy (CEP) is rare, and occurs when the blastocyst implants into the endocervical canal. They are particularly dangerous because they are difficult to diagnose, and typically present with massive hemorrhage necessitating hysterectomy. Therefore, there exists a need to definitively diagnose this condition earlier.

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Case Report Pages 43-46

Reproductive Implications of Consanguinity: Recurrent Hydrops and a Fetal Diagnosis of Lethal Gaucher Disease

Authors: Jenani S Jayakumaran, MD, MHS, Shama Khan, MPH, MS, LGC, Elena Ashkinadze LGC and Meike Schuster, DO

Abstract: Consanguinity is defined as a relationship with one recent ancestor in common. While this is uncommon in western countries, over one seventh of the world's population is estimated to live in countries where 25-50% of marriages are consanguineous. This varies significantly from one population to another depending on many factors including religion, culture, public attitude, legislation, socio-economic condition and geography.

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Case Study Pages 39-42

Gene Deletions due to Ring Chromosome 16 are Associated with Low Reproductive Potential, a Novel Observation

Authors: Tal Lazer and Shevach Friedler

Abstract: Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) is characterized by decreased number of oocytes associated with poor ovarian response (POR) to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH). Presently, few specific known chromosomal abnormalities are associated with DOR. Ring chromosome is among the least likely genetic abnormality reported to impact female infertility. It may occurs when two breaks are created in one chromosome and the resulting ends fuse to form a ring, leading to loss of distal genetic material.

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Review Article Pages 31-38

The Elusive Magical Solution: The Relationship between Vitamin D and Fibroids

Authors: Mohamed Mansi, Nader Sedik, Mahmoud El-Hadidy and Sara Mohamed

Abstract: Uterine fibroids are benign tumors of the smooth muscles of the uterus that are the most common indication of hysterectomy in the America with over $34.4 billion annual cost. Risk factors include age, hypertension, diabetes, polycystic ovarian syndrome, black race, early age of menarche, nulliparity, obesity and a genetic factor comes in place. Their pathophysiology has not been fully understood; genetic and hormonal factors, particularly sex steroids, seem to play a role. Many treatments for fibroid have been proposed both medical and surgical. However, the perfect medical treatment is still elusive.

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