Table 7: Land/Crop requirements for oil palm cultivation.
Land qualities |
S1
(100 - 85) |
S2
(84 - 60) |
S3
(59 - 40) |
N1
(39 - 20) |
N2
(19 - 0) |
Climate (c): |
|
|
|
|
|
Annual rainfall (mm) |
1800 - 2500 |
1250 - 1799 |
1000 - 1250 |
500 - 1000 |
< 500 > 2500 |
Mean annual temp (oC) |
24 - 33 |
20 - 22 |
> 33 < 20 |
any |
Any |
Relative humidity (%) |
70 - 75 |
65 - 70 |
50 - 65 |
30 - 50 |
< 30 |
Topography (t) |
|
|
|
|
|
Slope (%) |
0 - 3 |
4 - 8 |
9 - 16 |
16 - 45 |
> 45 |
Wetness (w): |
|
|
|
|
|
Flooding |
F0 |
F1 |
F2 |
F3 |
F4 |
Drainage |
WD |
MWD |
MD |
PD |
VPD |
Soil physical properties (s): |
|
|
|
|
|
Texture |
CL, SCL, L |
SCL |
SCL - LFS |
Any |
C, Cs, |
Structure |
blocky |
any |
any |
any |
massive, single grain |
Depth (cm) |
> 100 |
50 - 100 |
25 - 49 |
20 - 25 |
< 25 |
Fertility (f): |
|
|
|
|
|
Cation exchange capacity (cmolckg-1) |
> 10 |
6 - 10 |
< 6 |
any |
Any |
Base saturation (%) |
> 35 |
< 20 |
any |
any |
Any |
pH (H2O) |
6.5 - 7.0 |
5.5 - 6.0 |
< 5.5; > 7.0 |
< 4; > 7.0 |
< 4; > 7.0 |
Organic carbon (gkg-1), 0 -15 cm |
> 8 |
< 8 |
- |
- |
- |
Available P (mgkg-1) |
> 22 |
13 - 22 |
7 -13 |
3 - 7 |
< 3 |
Exchangeable K (cmolckg-1) |
> 0.5 |
0.3 - 0.5 |
0.2 - 0.3 |
0.1 - 0.2 |
< 0.1 |
Exchangeable Mg (cmolckg-1) |
2 - 5 |
1 - 2 |
< 1 |
< 1; > 5 |
Any |
Exchangeable Ca (cmolckg-1) |
10 - 15 |
5 - 10 |
1 - 5 |
< 1; > 5 |
Any |
F0 = no flooding; F1, 1-2 months flooding in > 10years; F2, not more than 2 - 3 months in 5 years out of 10; F3, 2 - 4 months almost every year; F4, > 4 months in almost every year.
CL = Clay Loam; SCL = Sandy Clay Loam; L = Loam; LFS = Loamy Fine Sand; C = Clay; CS = Clayey Sand
WD = Well Drained; MWD = Moderately Well Drained; MD = Moderately Drained; PD = Poorly Drained; VPD = Very Poorly Drained
P = Phosphorus; K = Potassium; Ca = Calcium; Mg = Magnesium; N = Nitrogen; CEC = Cation Exchange Capacity
Adapted from Ogunkule [14].