Table 2: Physico-chemical characteristics of diesel contaminated soils amended with different sources of biochar.
Amendment |
|
pH (CaCl2) |
Organic Carbon (g kg-1) |
Organic Matter (g kg-1) |
Available P (mg kg-1) |
Exchangeable Mg (cmol kg-1) |
Exchangeable K (cmol kg-1) |
|||||||
|
|
Range |
Mean |
Range |
Mean |
Range |
Mean |
Range |
Mean |
Range |
Mean |
Range |
Mean |
|
C |
|
5.4-5.8 |
5.6 ± 0.21 |
1.26-1.38 |
1.31 ± 0.04 |
2.17-2.37 |
2.26 ± 0.10 |
5.98-6.09 |
6.03 ± 0.06 |
50.22-50.42 |
50.22 ± 0.08 |
4.65-4.83 |
4.71 ± 0.08 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CD |
W1 |
6.5-6.8 |
6.6 ± 0.15a |
3.07-3.67 |
3.43 ± 0.32 |
5.30-6.33 |
5.81 ± 0.51a |
9.53-10.32 |
9.83 ± 0.43a |
81.04-83.72 |
82.16 ± 1.37a |
71.80-102.70 |
91.48 ± 17.07a |
|
|
W2 |
7.0-7.4 |
7.2 ± 0.21b |
3.46-3.67 |
3.55 ± 0.11 |
6.05-6.33 |
6.19 ± 0.14b |
12.20-12.73 |
12.42 ± 0.28b |
44.71-130.12 |
122.11 ± 2.61b |
106.50-174.44 |
140.81 ± 34.01b |
|
|
W3 |
7.1-7.6 |
7.3 ± 0.25c |
3.35-3.71 |
3.50 ± 0.19 |
5.92-6.40 |
6.15 ± 0.24b |
9.17-10.99 |
10.28 ± 0.97a |
119.03-124.01 |
122.11 ± 2.71b |
59.24-211.33 |
140.10 ± 76.50b |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
WC |
W1 |
5.9-6.7 |
6.3 ± 0.40a |
3.36-3.43 |
3.39 ± 0.03 |
5.85-5.92 |
5.88 ± 0.03 |
8.73-9.41 |
8.98 ± 0.34 |
40.50-46.01 |
44.09 ± 3.14 |
7.41-8.71 |
8.10 ± 0.64a |
|
|
W2 |
6.9-7.3 |
7.1 ± 0.21b |
3.10-3.37 |
3.21 ± 0.14 |
5.50-5.81 |
5.65 ± 0.15 |
7.22-9.73 |
9.10 ± 2.22 |
42.14-54.74 |
47.61 ± 6.44 |
10.93-15.22 |
12.49 ± 2.35b |
|
|
W3 |
7.0-7.6 |
7.3 ± 0.30c |
3.02-3.35 |
3.15 ± 0.18 |
5.30-5.78 |
5.53 ± 0.24 |
9.10-10.71 |
9.81 ± 0.82 |
46.20-53.11 |
48.59 ± 3.91 |
14.71-17.41 |
16.20 ± 1.39c |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
WCD |
W1 |
6.8-7.0 |
6.9 ± 0.10a |
3.28-3.59 |
3.39 ± 0.17 |
5.71-6.19 |
5.95 ± 0.24a |
8.80-9.53 |
9.07 ± 0.38a |
60.20-68.83 |
64.72 ± 4.34a |
41.41-49.92 |
45.32 ± 4.25a |
|
|
W2 |
7.1-7.8 |
7.5 ± 0.36b |
3.51-3.65 |
3.57 ± 0.07 |
6.05-6.29 |
6.17 ± 0.12b |
9.72-13.40 |
11.91 ± 1.92b |
82.03-101.60 |
90.81 ± 9.93b |
92.32-96.53 |
94.41 ± 2.06b |
|
|
W3 |
7.3-7.8 |
7.5 ± 0.25b |
3.52-3.71 |
3.59 ± 0.10 |
6.12-6.40 |
6.25 ± 0.13b |
10.92-13.37 |
12.25 ± 1.23b |
95.40-112.04 |
106.19 ± 9.33c |
127.41-131.40 |
130.01 ± 2.27c |
C: Control Soil; CD: Cattle Dung Char; WC: Wood Char; WCD: Wood + Cattle Dung Char; W1: 150 g; W2: 300 g; W3: 450 g; Mean ± Standard Deviation; n = 3; Means with different letter = significantly different at p < 0.05