OSA

Control

Author /year

Country

Time

OSA diagnosis

OSA severity

MASLD diagnosis

Population

Excluded OSA cases?

MASLD/

Total OSA

ALT (mean ± SD)

AST (mean ± SD)

MASLD/ Mild or moderate OSA

MASLD/ Severe OSA

MASLD/Control

ALT (mean ± SD)

AST (mean ± SD)

Jin, et al. 2023 [18]

China

1/2015: 10/2019

Full-night PSG

AASM Criteria

Abdominal Ultrasound (US) following The Chinese Liver Disease association criteria

Subjects ≥ 60 years attending sleep laboratory owing to sleep apnea symptoms

Yes

139/201

22.41 ± 10.43

21.96 ± 7.92

75/107

64/94

11/26

19.59 ± 12.33

20.34± 7.27

Huang, et al. 2023 [19]

China

1/2013: 12/2020

Full-night PSG

AASM Criteria

Hepatic steatosis (diagnosed by US) in addition to other criteria for metabolic dysregulation

Patients attending sleep centers owing to clinical suspicion of sleep-disordered breathing

Yes

732/967

—

—

302/417

430/550

57/98

—

—

Lian, et al. 2022 [20]

China

1/2016: 12/2019

Full-night PSG

AASM Criteria

Abdominal US and an exclusion of excessive alcohol intake

Patients attending sleep center owing to clinical suspicion of sleep apnea

No

228/351

26.87 ± 14.64

23.91 ± 11.79

121/190

107/161

33/59

21 ± 13.07

21 ± 7

Landete, et al. 2022 [21]

Spain

—

Full-night PSG

—

 Fatty liver index (FLI) ≥ 60 and no excessive alcohol consumption

Consecutive patients attending the outpatient clinics of pneumology with clinical or polysomnographic criteria for OSA

No

95/153

24.4 ± 13.2

23.1 ± 10.8

—

—

15/43

22.7 ± 13.1

21.3 ± 6.5

Tomar, et al. 2021 [22]

India

1/2013: 2/2020

Full-night PSG

—

US or liver biopsy

Hepatic patients undergoing PSG assessment in the pulmonary medicine department

No

29/32

—

—

—

—

27/46

—

—

Lu, et al. 2021 [23]

China

6/2017: 6/2020.

Full-night PSG

—

Hepatic steatosis index (HSI) > 36

Adult subjects with NAFLD suspicion undergoing PSG

Yes

31/46

34.67 ± 19.9

27 ± 10.71

—

—

6/13

24.33 ± 11.63

24 ± 4.98

Ding, et al. 2019 [24]

China

1/2016: 1/2018

Full-night PSG

AASM Criteria

Abdominal US and an exclusion of excessive alcohol intake

Consecutive subjects referred to the sleep department

Yes

276/372

35.36 ± 26.39

26.06 ± 20.94

105/153

171/219

16/43

20.66 ± 12.1

21.56± 7.75

Benotti, et al. 2016 [25]

USA

11/2006: 10/2014

PSG

AASM Criteria

Intraoperative wedge liver biopsy

Obese patients enrolled in a bariatric surgery program in a weight management center

No

230/269

31.66 ± 19.07

27.16 ± 16.73

166/195

64/74

70/93

30 ± 17.5

26.2 ± 11.9

Yu, et al. 2015 [26]

South Korea

9/2009: 11/2010

Full-night PSG

-

Liver attenuation index value < 5 HU and an exclusion of excessive alcohol intake

Subjects from another Korean study cohort who underwent PSG

No

97/286

24.55 ± 11.14

24.84 ± 6.18

—

—

70/335

22.23 ±10.85

23.38± 5.07