Table 1: Demographics and psychometric scores.

 

SPA (mean)

SD

Min-Max

n-SPA (mean)

SD

Min-Max

Statistic (df)

p

Effect size

Sample size

20

-

-

24

-

-

-

-

-

Age

22.20

3.04

18-28

23.00

3.26

19-30

203.5a

> 0.05

-0.13e

Gender (m/f)

6/14

-

-

7/17

-

-

0.004 (1)b

> 0.05

0.009f

BDI total score

9.85

7.10

1-25

4.38

4.20

0-15

364a

0.003

-0.44e

BIS attentional score

17.15

3.48

11-26

13.67

2.55

10-19

-3.83 (42)c

< 0.001

1.16g

BIS motor score

22.25

3.27

17-30

20.42

3.09

17-29

326.5a

0.04

-0.313e

BIS nonplanning score

25.40

4.43

18-34

23.17

2.97

18-30

1.99 (42)c

> 0.05

0.60g

SAS total score

40.65

5.73

31-51

21.71

4.08

14-28

-12.77 (42)c

< 0.001

3.87g

SPAI total score

56.85

10.03

38-82

35.75

6.24

27-55

462a

< 0.001

-0.79e

SPAI withdrawal

15.60

3.86

8-20

9.46

2.70

7-19

427.5a

< 0.001

-0.67e

SPAI compulsive behaviour

17.65

3.56

13-25

11.79

2.15

9-18

6.45 (29.99)d

< 0.001

2.04g

SPAI tolerance

7.65

2.01

4-12

4.46

1.47

3-8

431a

< 0.001

-0.68e

SPAI functional impairment

15.95

3.73

10-26

10.04

2.46

8-15

440a

< 0.001

-0.72e

SPAI-I total score

52.80

9.70

34-78

32.38

5.20

25-48

-8.46 (27.86)d

< 0.001

2.70g

SPAI-I time spent

10.75

2.02

6-13

5.92

1.41

4-11

454a

< 0.001

-0.77e

SPAI-I compulsivity

6.50

2.16

4-12

4.42

0.72

4-6

384a

< 0.001

-0.55e

SPAI-I daily life interference

14.65

3.87

10-27

9.54

1.44

8-14

455a

< 0.001

-0.77e

SPAI-I craving

13.45

3.20

7-19

8.38

2.75

5-15

-5.64 (42)c

< 0.001

1.71g

SPAI-I sleep interference

7.45

2.21

4-12

4.13

1.98

3-10

422a

< 0.001

-0.66e

IGDS-sf total score

0.65

1.09

0-4

0.42

0.72

0-2

259a

> 0.05

-0.08e

Abbreviations: SPA: Addictive Smartphone Use Group; n-SPA: Non-SPA (controls); SD: Standard Deviation, DF: Degrees of freedom; Significant results in bold font. M: Male; F: Female; BDI: Beck Depression Inventory; BIS: Barratt Impulsiveness Scale; SAS: Smartphone Addiction Scale; SPAI: Smartphone Addiction Inventory; SPAI-I: Five-factor solution of the SPAI; IGDS-sf : short-form of the Internet gaming disorder scale; AWilcoxon rank sum test: b χ2; c Two Sample t-test; d Welch Two Sample t-test; e r, f φ; g Cohen's d.