Characteristic

Frequency

Percentage

Number of patients

167

100

Median Age (years) (Range)

70 (42-91)

Gender

Male

90

53.9

Female

77

46.1

AJCC TNM stage

IA

3

1.8

IB

1

0.6

IIA

8

4.8

IIB

9

5.4

III

141

84.4

IV

5

3

T-stage

pT1

10

6.1

pT2

53

32.1

pT3

70

42.4

pT4

0

0

ypT1c

9

5.5

ypT2

15

9.1

ypT3

8

4.8

N-stage

pN0

25

15

pN1

66

39.5

pN2

44

26.3

ypN0

11

6.6

ypN1

14

8.4

ypN2

7

4.2

M-stage

M0

156

93.4

M1

11

6.6

R-stage

R0

111

66.5

R1

54

32.3

Rx

2

1.2

CRM- resection margin

CRM negative

75

44.9

CRM positive

92

55.1

Vascular invasion

Yes

69

41.3

No

98

58.7

Lymphatic vessel invasion

Yes

108

65.1

No

59

34.9

Perineural sheath infiltration

Yes

124

74.3

No

43

25.7

Tumor size  (cm), (median)

3 (0-6)

Type of systemic treatment

Neoadjuvant

29

17.4

Perioperative

9

5.4

Adjuvant

64

38.3

Additiv

19

11.4

No treatment

46

27.5

Response to neoadjuvant treatment (Evans-classification) n = 24 pat.

Evans I

13

54.2

Evans IIa

3

12.5

Evans IIb

3

12.5

Evans III

5

20.8

Type of surgery

Classic Whipple

62

37.1

Pylorus-preserving Whipple

105

62.9

Postoperative complications

Surgical

41

24.6

Not surgical

28

16.8

Mortality

Hospital

10

6

Outside hospital

103

62

Cause of death

Tumor-related

93

82.3

Not tumor-related

20

17.7

Tumor progression

All

97

58.1

Locally

40

41.2

Liver

20

20.6

Lung

9

9.3

Liver and lung

2

2.1

Locally and liver

12

12.4

Locally and lung

8

8.2

Locally and retroperitoneal

2

2.0

Locally, liver and lung

4

4.1