Table 3: Intra- and inter-observer statistics for average screw angle and maximum screw angle for patients assessed (O: Observer Number 1; R: Observer Number 2).
Observer and screw |
ICC1 |
Raw Slope2 |
mean difference3 |
95% Limits of agreement4 |
rho5 |
Pitman's test6 P |
Bradley-Blackwood test7 P |
(intercept) |
(95% CI) |
||||||
Intra-observer measurement 1 v 2 |
|||||||
O average |
0.99 |
1.031 (-0.01) |
0.09 (-0.10-0.28) |
-1.32 - 1.49 |
0.223 |
0.095 |
0.16 |
R average |
0.939 |
1.040 (-0.42) |
-0.29 (-0.78-0.20) |
-3.88 - 3.30 |
0.116 |
0.39 |
0.34 |
O max |
0.993 |
1.025 (0.09) |
0.24 (0.03-0.45) |
-1.34 - 1.81 |
0.223 |
0.089 |
0.02 |
R max |
0.946 |
0.986 (-0.54) |
-0.63 (-1.20 - -0.05) |
-4.94 - 3.69 |
-0.044 |
0.74 |
0.1 |
Inter-observer R v O |
|||||||
Average |
0.979 |
0.997 (0.07) |
0.06 (-0.22-0.34) |
-2.01 - 2.13 |
-0.014 |
0.92 |
0.92 |
Maximum |
0.98 |
1.042 (-0.04) |
0.20 (-0.16-0.57) |
-2.52 - 2.93 |
0.211 |
0.11 |
0.15 |
1Inter-class correlation co-efficient between observation 1 and observation 2; 2Perfect agreement between the two observations would give slope = 1; intercept = 0; 3Mean difference between the two observations made from each patient; 4The reference range for difference between observations (according to Bland-Altman, 1986); 5The correlation coefficient for the association between the difference and mean as depicted in the Bland-Altman plots; 6Pitman's is a test for zero correlation between the sums and differences of the paired observations; 7Bradley-Blackwood test is a test for the equivalence of both the means and the variance of the differences between the paired observations.