Table 5: Mean (± 1SD) change in gait measures and kinematic parameters between pre- and medium term follow-up for a group of children with HSP and a group of children with CP.
Timing |
|
Statistics |
|
HSP (n = 9) |
CP (n = 9) |
||
[2-4 yr] post-op-pre-op |
[2-3 yr] post-op-pre- op |
p-value |
|
Cadence (1/s) |
-0.15 ± 0.34 |
-0.22 ± 0.10 |
0.056 |
Stride length (m) |
-0.09 ± 0.34 |
-0.01 ± 0.06 |
0.546 |
Walking velocity (m/s) |
-0.03 ± 0.34 |
-0.09 ± 0.08 |
0.051 |
ROM pelvic tilt (°) |
-0.50 ± 2.92 |
-2.78 ± 2.39 |
0.965 |
Mean pelvic tilt (°) |
0.28 ± 6.86 |
-0.24 ± 6.09 |
0.997 |
ROM pelvic obliquity (°) |
-2.38 ± 4.82 |
-0.18 ± 5.03 |
0.993 |
Mean pelvic rotation (°) |
0.06 ± 0.30 |
0.51 ± 0.90 |
0.028* |
ROM pelvic rotation (°) |
-6.30 ± 10.97 |
3.09 ± 4.47 |
0.083 |
Max hip extension during stance (°) |
-3.35 ± 15.12 |
0.16 ± 2.87 |
1 |
Max hip rotation (°) |
-11.07 ± 7.62 |
-5.94 ± 6.08 |
0.639 |
Min hip rotation (°) |
-13.36 ± 8.57 |
-10.14 ± 8.52 |
0.549 |
Max knee extension during stance (°) |
-10.66 ± 20.16 |
-8.22 ± 11.34 |
0.093 |
Timing max knee extension (%) |
4.37 ± 13.06 |
6.70 ± 6.96 |
0.24 |
Max knee flexion during swing (°) |
-2.39 ± 7.33 |
2.26 ± 11.14 |
0.466 |
Timing max knee flexion during swing (%) |
-2.30 ± 4.48 |
-1.68 ± 2.45 |
0.863 |
ROM knee flexion (°) |
8.27 ± 18.98 |
10.47 ± 13.33 |
0.305 |
knee angle at initial contact (°) |
-12.49 ± 16.25 |
-8.77 ± 7.60 |
0.127 |
max ankle dorsiflexion during stance (°) |
0.33 ± 6.26 |
3.77 ± 7.42 |
0.907 |
MAPS pelvic tilt (°) |
-0.25 ± 5.28 |
-1.10 ± 5.07 |
0.701 |
MAPS hip flexion (°) |
-3.71 ± 9.91 |
-2.17 ± 4.51 |
0.365 |
MAPS knee flexion (°) |
-8.66 ± 12.98 |
-4.03 ± 5.17 |
0.124 |
MAPS ankle dorsiflexion (°) |
-1.78 ± 4.13 |
-0.26 ± 3.81 |
0.856 |
MAPS pelvic obliquity (°) |
-0.08 ± 1.81 |
-0.11 ± 1.16 |
0.126 |
MAPS hip abduction (°) |
0.12 ± 1.77 |
-0.01 ± 1.52 |
0.631 |
MAPS pelvic rotation (°) |
-0.29 ± 2.90 |
0.28 ± 2.94 |
0.677 |
MAPS hip rotation (°) |
-2.18 ± 5.02 |
-2.02 ± 3.75 |
0.503 |
MAPS foot progression (°) |
-6.08 ± 7.37 |
-5.38 ± 12.83 |
0.416 |
GPS |
-3.71 ± 4.25 |
-2.65 ± 3.08 |
0.775 |
GPS sagittal |
-4.60 ± 6.91 |
-2.09 ± 2.94 |
0.419 |
GPS coronal |
0.07 ± 1.30 |
-0.09 ± 1.20 |
0.765 |
GPS transverse |
-3.10 ± 4.65 |
-3.46 ± 6.35 |
0.45 |
*p < 0.05; ROM: Range of Motion, max: Maximal, min: Minimal, MAPS: Movement Analysis Profile Score, GPS: Gait Profile Score.
Note: negative values indicate a lower value at FU than pre-operatively. This can both mean an improvement or a deterioration, depending on the variable.