Table 4: Mean (± 1SD) values of gait measures and kinematic parameters from a group of children with HSP compared with children with CP pre-operatively.

 

Timing

 

Statistics

HSP (n =9 )

CP (n = 9)

 

Pre-op

Pre-op

p-value

Cadence (1/s)

1.96 ± 0 .29

2.04 ± 0.33

0.981

Stride length (m)

0.77 ± 0.64

0.43 ± 0.09

0.387

Walking velocity (m/s)

0.90 ± 0.25

0.88 ± 0.21

0.666

ROM pelvic tilt (°)

9.10 ± 1.83

9.79 ± 2.64

0.051

Mean pelvic tilt (°)

19.32 ± 4.76

17.82 ± 4.53

0.625

ROM pelvic obliquity (°)

12.04 ± 4.39

11.22 ± 4.58

0.671

Mean pelvic rotation (°)

-0.01 ± 0.35

-0.29 ± 0.65

0.113

ROM pelvic rotation (°)

22.97 ± 10.55

15.29 ± 5.49

0.022*

Max hip extension during stance (°)

3.47 ± 17.33

4.34 ± 3.16

0.19

Max hip rotation (°)

20.67 ± 5.25

18.33 ± 8.45

0.491

Min hip rotation (°)

-2.19 ± 5.87

-0.75 ± 9.97

0.598

Max knee extension during stance (°)

15.21 ± 22.31

18.33 ± 9.56

0.054

Timing max knee extension (%)

28.31 ± 9.96

29.47 ± 5.24

0.863

Max knee flexion during swing (°)

60.58 ± 10.43

59.87 ± 5.95

0.029*

Timing max knee flexion during swing (%)

78.39 ± 4.22

77.16 ± 4.36

0.925

ROM knee flexion (°)

45.37 ± 24.44

41.54 ± 10.08

0.025*

knee angle at initial contact (°)

32.85 ± 16.03

31.99 ± 8.09

0.231

max ankle dorsiflexion during stance (°)

14.40 ± 11.30

14.36 ± 7.31

0.474

MAPS pelvic tilt (°)

8.95 ± 3.47

8.10 ± 3.28

0.584

MAPS hip flexion (°)

14.67 ± 11.12

13.55 ± 2.13

0.19

MAPS knee flexion (°)

21.49 ± 12.13

18.34 ± 5.29

1

MAPS ankle dorsiflexion (°)

11.21 ± 6.32

10.24 ± 3.34

1

MAPS pelvic obliquity (°)

3.82 ± 1.14

3.36 ± 1.23

0.917

MAPS hip abduction (°)

5.40 ± 1.76

4.91 ± 1.14

0.041*

MAPS pelvic rotation (°)

7.57 ± 2.56

6.24 ± 3.02

0.912

MAPS hip rotation (°)

12.49 ± 3.49

12.88 ± 3.11

0.775

MAPS foot progression (°)

15.18 ± 4.69

14.30 ± 12.58

0.19

GPS

13.47 ± 4.29

12.35 ± 2.80

0.73

GPS sagittal

15.60 ± 7.77

13.56 ± 2.60

0.931

GPS coronal

4.77 ± 1.33

4.30 ± 1.00

0.117

GPS transverse

12.70 ± 2.78

12.77 ± 6.45

0.546

*p < 0.05; ROM: Range of Motion; max: maximal; min; minimal; MAPS: Movement Analysis Profile Score; GPS: Gait Profile Score.