Table 3: Details of the considered molecule and dose and of the numerical approaches considered in 3D physiological models of drug delivery to the PSE.
Reference | Molecule | Drug dosage/source | Numerical approach | Estimated coefficients |
[16] | Gd-DTPA (0.96 kDa hydrophilic) | from in vitro release curves | FEMs (FEMLab) | diffusion coefficient in the posterior membrane fitted from in vivo models and MRI data |
[21] | fluoroscein, range of low-to-high weight molecules | IV bolus injection: initial uniform concentration of drug throughout the hemi-spherical injection volume; implant: prescribed delivery rate | FEMs | |
[18] | fluorescent protein (GFP) | prescribed constant drug concentration in the epiocular space | finite differences | molucule diffusivities in sclera computed from Stokes-Einstein eq.; molecule diffusivities in the other layers estimated from scleral diffusivity and relative extracellular fractions |
[13] | fluoroscein | prescribed constant concentration at the sclera surface | FEMs | mass transfer coefficient at the scleral surface and choriocapillary clearance rate from best fit between model predicted concentration of the vitreous and experiments |
[15] | fluoroscein, sucrose | prescribed initial drug concentration in the spherical injected bolus; different positions for injection | finite volumes (FLUENT) | hydraulic resistance of the trabecular meshwork adjusted until the desired IOP is obtained; diffusivities for the dextran polymers calculated via Stokes-Einstein equation |
[14] | anecortave acetate (0.39 kDa) | exponential decay of drug concentration located in the episcleral depot point | finite volumes (FLUENT) | surface porosity of the sclera from TEM images |
[17] | fluoroscein, IgG1 Fab(49 KDa, anti-VEGF) | prescribed exponential decay at the sclera boundary | FEMs | sensitivity study on the mass transfer coefficient of igG1 Fab at the sclera external boundary |
[19] | 1 kDa unspecified drug | prescribed drug initial condition in the patch | FEMs (COMSOL) | as in [13] |
[12] | fluoroscein | systemic: given drug concentration in the choriocapillaries; IV inj: given drug concentration in the bolus | FEMs (COMSOL) | |
[20] | low-weigth molecule | prescribed exponential decay | FEMs | |
[22] | small molecules (dexamethasone) | drug release from an implant located into the vitreous modeled via a diffusion equation for drug concentration and molecular weight | FEMs (COMSOL) |