Table 3: Descriptive statistics for the statements of evaluation categories.

Categories and statements

Range

M1

SD2

OBJECTIVES

The objectives of the scenario are clear.

2-4

3.6

0.5

The objectives of the scenario are realistic.

3-4

3.9

0.7

The objectives of the simulation describe the desired skills and behaviour of the students during the simulation.

3-4

3.7

0.5

The difficulty level of the objectives is suitable for the students’ level of competency and education.

1-4

3.8

0.6

The objectives are measurable.

3-4

3.9

0.4

The objectives support and assist students in reaching the study course learning objectives/goals.

4-4

4.0

0.0

BRIEFING

There is relevant study material available to enable the students to prepare for the simulation.

2-4

3.8

0.5

Briefing provides a clear understanding of the scenario objectives and patient case.

1-4

3.7

0.7

The scenario environment and context descriptions are clear.

2-4

3.7

0.5

The actors’ roles are clear.

3-4

3.9

0.3

The observers' tasks are clear.

2-4

3.7

0.6

DESCRIPTION OF THE SIMULATION ENVIRONMENT

The context of the scenario is described clearly (e.g., what, were, when and who).

3-4

3.9

0.2

The scenario is described in a way with enough environmental aspects (e.g., staging, equipment, tools, clothing, medication) which helps make the scenario realistic.

3-4

3.4

1.0

DESCRIPTION OF THE PATIENT CASE

The patient’s background information is described realistically/ diversely.

3-4

3.9

0.3

The patient’s current state is described realistically/diversely.

3-4

3.9

0.3

PROGRESS OF THE SIMULATION

The scenario presents changing situations. e.g., changes in the patient’s condition, which require the students to act and make decisions.

1-4

2.5

1.3

The scenario provides information about issues such as the patient’s vital functions, results of laboratory tests or functional capacity that support the observation of changes in the patient's condition.

1-4

2.8

1.1

The scenario includes scripted tips, cues etc. that support the students in reaching their learning objectives.

1-4

2.5

1.2

OPTIMAL FLOW OF THE SCENARIO AND CLOSING CRITERIA

The scenario clearly describes the closing criteria, such as the patient’s status and environmental factors at the end of the simulation.

1-4

3.5

0.9

The progress of the scenario follows evidence-based background/ information (e.g. literature source mentioned in the scenario script).

1-4

2.3

1.5

DEBRIEFING

There is a written plan for the debriefing.

1-4

2.6

1.3

The debriefing is based on some of the debriefing models that ensure appropriate, fair, and structured reflection.

1-4

2.8

1.2

The plan for the debriefing is based on the scenario objectives.

1-4

1.3

0.9

Open questions have been drawn up for the debriefing.

1-4

2.2

1.2

The duration of the debriefing is about 2-3 times the duration of the simulation.

1-4

1.1

0.5

TIMETABLE

The timing of the simulation is in accordance with the simulation pedagogy.

1-1

1.0

0.0

1Mean, 2Standard Deviation of mean