Table 1: Contextual factors of defensive behaviours.

Background level

Factors

Neurological

 

Neurocognitive disease and stage (mild and severe) - Brain region involved (frontotemporal area)

Neurotransmitter imbalance

Circadian rhythm deterioration- Insomnia

Motor ability

Disinhibition

Cognitive

Attention and memory

Visuo-spatial ability

Language skills and impairments

Perceptual and sensory skills and impairments

General health status

General health - Medical conditions: Delirium, pain, or psychosis

Functional ability (dependency)

Affective state – Depression- Psychological distress

Psychosocial

Age (older) - Gender (male)

Education

Occupation

Premorbid personality type

History of psychosocial stress - Antecedents of aggressive behaviours- Behavioural response to stress