Table 1: Results summary table for the three included studies.

Author Study type Level of evidence Journal, year Cases n at base line Controls n at base line Age. Cases/control (y) Follow-up n cases (women%)/n controls (women%) Control treatment Outcome
Stenhouse Prospective randomized control study 1b Skeletal Radiol, 2013 15 13 53.2 ± 9.87/47.6 ± 6.12 15 (46.6)/13 (61.5) Dry needling VAS baseline, 2 months and 6 months. Dry needling: 6.87, 6.03, 4.5. ACP: 8.07, 5.88, 4.15
McShane Prospective cohort study 2b J Ultrasound Med, 2008 52 0 49 (range 36-61) 52 (59.6) None Perception of overall treatment: Excellent 57.7%, good 34.6%, fair 1.9%, poor 5.8%
Housner Prospective cohort study 2b J Ultrasound Med, 2009 13 0 38.5 (range 18-52) - None VAS base line and 4 and 12 weeks were 5.8 ± 0.6, 2.4 ± 0.7, and 2.2 ± 0.7