Table 1: The concentrations of heavy metals in C. impressicostatum bark stem. All the essential, non-essential and toxic metals evaluated in C. impressicostatum bark stem were within the permissible limits of heavy metal content in a herbal product (data is expressed as mean parts per billion ± Standard Deviation). Examples of permissible limits: Lead (Pb) = 10.0 ppb; Cadmium (Cd) = 3.0 ppb; Arsenic (As) = 5.0 ppb; Mercury (Hg) = 5.0 ppb.
|
Sample ID |
Parameter |
Heavy metal content (ppb) |
|
|
C. impressicostatum stem bark |
Macro elements |
Sodium (Na) |
390.28 ± 0.00 |
|
Magnesium (Mg) |
2520.91 ± 0.00 |
||
|
Calcium (Ca) |
2142.31 ± 0.00 |
||
|
Trace elements |
Copper (Cu) |
15.57 ± 0.00 |
|
|
Zinc (Zn) |
63.71 ± 0.00 |
||
|
Manganese (Mn) |
525.38 ± 0.00 |
||
|
Nickel (Ni) |
23.37 ± 0.00 |
||
|
Iron (Fe) |
396.64 ± 1.26 |
||
|
Cobalt (Co) |
0.45 ± 0.00 |
||
|
Chromium (Cr) |
14.98 ± 3.95 |
||
|
Selenium (Se) |
0.13 ± 0.00 |
||
|
Aluminium (Al) |
313.39 ± 0.00 |
||
|
Toxic metals |
Lead (Pb) |
5.57 ± 0.00 |
|
|
Cadmium (Cd) |
0.25 ± 0.00 |
||
|
Arsenic (As) |
0.61 ± 0.00 |
||
|
Mercury (Hg) |
0.54 ± 0.00 |
||