Table 2: Antimetastatic and antiproliferative action by turmeric, its mechanisms of action, and their respective references.

Mechanisms of action

Affection

References

Inhibition Notch-1 transcription fator

Osteosarcoma cell lines

LI, et al. [17]

Wnt pathway inhibition

Prostate cancer

LU, et al. [18]

Reduction in the expression of cyclin D1 (protein involved with G1-S cell cycle)

Gastric cancer

CAI, et al. [19]

Inactivation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK), and increased mRNA of inhibitory genes p21 and p27

Pulmonary carcinoma (NCI-H460)

SAHA, et al. [20]

Inhibition of the cell cycle in phase G2/M

Colon cancer

(Rko and HCT116)

MUDDULURU, et al. [21]

Inhibition of the production of three proteins (Tcf-4, CBP and P300), related to Wnt transcription

Prostate cancer

(22rv1)

TEITEN, et al. [22]

Reduced expression of MMP-9

Breast cancer (metastasis)

KIM, et al. [23]

decrease in apoptotic sunburn cells, and decrease expression of proliferation nuclear antigen (PCNA)

Skin cancer induced by ultraviolet radiation

TSAI, et al. [24]

inhibition of Notch-1 transcription factor (associated with increased proliferation and tumor invasion)

Three osteosarcoma cell lines

LI, et al. [25]

Antiproliferative effects in SPC-A1 (in vitro and in vivo test)

Human lung adenocarcinoma

WANG, et al. [26]

Decrease adhesion, migration, and proliferation (in vitro and in vivo test)

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), fibroblast cell lines and xenograft model of OSCC

CAMPOS, et al. [27]