Table 1: Clinicopathological characteristics of the children with intussusception in Odisha.
| Variables | Category | Retrospective (n = 266) | Prospective (n = 105) | Total (n = 371) | p-value |
| Age | 2-6 months, n/N (%) | 104/266 (39.3) | 35/105 (32.9) | 139/371 (37.5) | 0.158 |
| 7-12 months, n (%) | 112/266 (42.0) | 41/105 (39.2) | 153/371 (41.2) | ||
| 13-18 months, n (%) | 27/266 (10.1) | 20/105 (19.1) | 47/371 (12.7) | ||
| 19-23 months, n (%) | 23/266 (8.6) | 9/105 (8.7) | 32/371 (8.6) | ||
| Median (IQR), months | 8 (6, 11.75) | 8 (6, 13) | 8 (6, 12) | ||
| Gender | Male | 190 (71.4) | 72 (68.2) | 262 (70.6) | 0.626 |
| Female | 76 (28.6) | 33 (31.8) | 109 (29.4) | ||
| Symptoms | Vomitinga | 132/266 (49.6) | 74/105 (70.3) | 206/371 (55.5) | 0.000 |
| Bilious vomitingb | 31/132 (23.5) | 20/74 (27.0) | 51/206 (24.8) | 0.571 | |
| Abdominal painc | 144/266 (54.1) | 82/105 (78.1) | 226/371 (60.9) | 0.000 | |
| Abdominal distension | 24/266 (9.1) | 20/105 (19.0) | 44 (11.9) | 0.007 | |
| Blood in stool | 125/266 (47.0) | 73/105 (69.5) | 198/371 (53.4) | 0.000 | |
| Classical triadd | 119/266 (44.7) | 73/105 (69.5) | 192/371 (51.8) | 0.000 | |
| Signs | Abdominal distension | 25/266 (9.4) | 20/105 (18.9) | 45/371 (12.1) | 0.002 |
| Abdominal mass | 13/266 (4.8) | 13/105 (12.4) | 26/371 (7.0) | 0.030 | |
| Absent/abnormal bowel sounds | 49/59 (83.1) | 67/82 (81.7) | 116/141 (82.3) | 0.042 | |
| Blood in PR test | 17/266 (6.3) | 34/105 (32.3) | 51/371 (13.7) | 0.000 | |
| Diagnosis | Ultrasound | 261/266 (98.1) | 100/105 (95.2) | 361//371 (97.3) | 0.869 |
| Surgery | 5/266 (1.9) | 5/100 (4.8) | 10/371 (2.7) | ||
| Intussusc-eption sites | Ileo-colic | 252/266 (94.7) | 96/105 (91.5) | 348/371 (93.8) | 0.233 |
| Other location | 10/266 (3.8) | 8/105 (7.6) | 18/371 (2.8) | ||
| > 1 locatione | 4/266 (1.5) | 1/105 (0.9) | 5/371 (1.4) | ||
| PLP | Any lead point | 11/266 (4.1) | 2/105 (1.9) | 13//371 (3.5) | |
| Treatment method | Surgery | 161/266 (60.5) | 56/105 (53.3) | 213/371 (57.4) | 0.000 |
| Reduction | 34/266 (12.8) | 22/105 (21.0) | 60/371 (16.0) | ||
| Conservativef | 65/266 (24.5) | 26/105 (24.8) | 92/371 (24.8) | ||
| No treatmentg | 6/266 (2.2) | 1/105 (0.9) | 7/371 (1.9) | ||
| Outcome | Discharged | 224//266 (84.3) | 96/105 (91.4) | 320/371 (86.3) | 0.100 |
| Referred/LAMAh | 35/226 (13.1) | 7/105 (6.7) | 42/371 (11.3) | ||
| Died | 7/266 (2.6) | 2/105 (1.9) | 9/371 (2.4) | ||
| Hospital stay days, median (IQR) | Conservative | 2 (1, 4) | 2 (1, 3.25) | 2 (1, 4) | 0.623 |
| Reduction | 3 (3, 4.75) | 2 (2, 3) | 3 (2, 3.5) | ||
| Surgery | 7 (5, 9) | 6 (4.25, 8) | 7 (5, 9) | ||
| Pooled | 5 (3, 8) | 4 (2, 7) | 5 (3, 8) | ||
| Brighton Criteria level | Level-1 | 188/266 (70.6) | 77/105 (73.6) | 265/371 (71.4) | 0.609 |
| Level-2 | 23/266 (8.6) | 20/105 (19.0) | 43/371 (11.6) | ||
| Level-3 | 0/266 (0.0) | 0/105 (0.0) | 0/371 (0.0) | ||
| No level | 55/266 (20.7) | 8/105 (7.6) | 63/371 (17.0) |
Notes:
aIncludes all vomiting including bilious vomiting.
bIncludes only bilious vomiting, denominator includes only children with vomiting.
cAbdominal pain includes excessive crying.
dClassical triad include abdominal pain, vomiting and blood in stools.
eThe location of intussusception is at more than one site; such as Ileo-colic + Colo-colic, Ileo-olic + Ileo-colo-colic, Ileo-colic + Ileo-ileo-colic, Ileo-colic+ Ileo-ileal.
fConservative: The patient was managed with IV fluids and nil orally, not required any additional intervention and spontaneously resolved.
gNo definite treatment could be provided, as the patient was referred or died before any definite treatment
hLAMA: Left against medical advice.
Denominators indicate the valid responses for the parameter.
Abbreviations:
IQR: Interquartile range; PLP: Pathological lead point; PR: Per-rectal