Table 2: Association of neighborhood SES and PT referral, crude and adjusted logistic regression models (n = 11,553).
| Outcome | PT referral | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable, OR (95% CI) | Crude | Add race | Add pain | Add all covariates |
| Neighborhood SES | ||||
| Lowest SES | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Lower Middle SES | 0.93 (0.82-1.02) | 1.03 (0.92-1.15) | 1.03 (0.91-1.15) | 1.05 (0.93-1.18) |
| Upper Middle SES | 0.91 (0.82-1.02) | 1.05 (0.94-1.18) | 1.06 (0.94-1.20) | 1.09 (0.97-1.24) |
| Highest SES | 0.91 (0.81-1.01) | 1.08 (0.96-1.23) | 1.10 (0.97-1.25) | 1.21 (1.05-1.38) |
| Race: White | 0.74 (0.68-0.81) | 0.78 (0.71-0.85) | 0.81 (0.74-0.90) | |
| th 2 pain conditions | 3.28 (3.02-3.56) | 2.55 (2.33-2.79) | ||
| Age | 0.99 (0.98-1.00) | |||
| Gender: Female | 1.11 (1.01-1.21) | |||
| Marital Status: Married | 0.96 (0.88-1.05) | |||
| High clinic utilization | 1.38 (1.26-1.51) | |||
| Smoking Status | ||||
| Never | 1.00 | |||
| Former | 1.01 (0.90-1.13) | |||
| Current | 0.98 (0.88-1.09) | |||
| Substance abuse/dependence | 0.91 (0.73-1.12) | |||
| Depression | 1.06 (0.93-1.20) | |||
| Any anxiety | 0.99 (0.86-1.14) | |||
| Obese | 1.03 (0.94-1.12) | |||
| Comorbidity Index | 1.01 (0.99-1.04) | |||
| Opioid RX | 1.24 (1.11-1.39) | |||
| Non-opioid RX | 1.70 (1.56-1.86) | |||
| Opioid history (self-report) | 0.99 (0.87-1.12) | |||
| Non-opioid history (self-report) | 1.10 (1.01-1.39) |