Table 3: Absolute mean difference of laboratory values associated with mortality in COVID-19 in a meta-analysis.
| Laboratory Value | Units | Number of Studies | Number of Patients | Absolute Mean Difference | 95% Lower Limit | 95% Upper Limit | p | I2 |
| Hematologic | ||||||||
| White Blood Cell Count | 10^9/L | 48 | 10769 | 2.38 | 1.97 | 2.79 | < 0.001 | 72% |
| Absolute Neutrophil Count | 10^9/L | 36 | 7687 | 2.61 | 2.04 | 3.18 | < 0.001 | 85% |
| Percent Neutrophil Count | % | 6 | 1468 | 19.28 | 12.33 | 26.22 | < 0.001 | 96% |
| Absolute Lymphocyte Count | 10^9/L | 57 | 12201 | -0.34 | -0.4 | -0.28 | < 0.001 | 88% |
| Percent Lymphocyte Count | % | 8 | 1884 | -15.21 | -18.08 | -12.33 | < 0.001 | 91% |
| Absolute Basophil Count | 10^9/L | 4 | 1196 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0% |
| Absolute Eosinophil Count | 10^9/L | 5 | 1362 | -0.05 | -0.08 | 0.02 | 0.001 | 96% |
| Absolute Monocyte Count | 10^9/L | 9 | 1397 | -0.04 | -0.07 | -0.01 | 0.01 | 0% |
| Hemoglobin | g/L | 34 | 8266 | -2.8 | -4.9 | -0.7 | 0.01 | 67% |
| Hematocrit | % | 3 | 1636 | -1.21 | -3.3 | 0.88 | 0.26 | 48% |
| Red Blood Cell Count | 10^9/L | 5 | 2414 | -0.17 | -0.38 | 0.04 | 0.11 | 83% |
| Platelet Count | 10^9/L | 43 | 10727 | -39.85 | -52.06 | -27.65 | < 0.001 | 90% |
| Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio | - | 9 | 2560 | 4.04 | 1.59 | 6.48 | 0.001 | 91% |
| Lymphocyte Subsets | ||||||||
| Total CD3+/T cells | cells/µL | 6 | 987 | -412.56 | -560.04 | -265.08 | < 0.001 | 93% |
| Total CD4+/T Helper Cells | cells/µL | 7 | 1049 | -216.47 | -315.47 | -117.47 | < 0.001 | 95% |
| Percent CD4+ Cells | % | 3 | 1095 | -13.71 | -53.08 | 5.67 | 0.17 | 98% |
| Total CD8+/Supressor/Cytotoxic T Cells | cells/µL | 7 | 1166 | -125.01 | -177.54 | -72.49 | < 0.001 | 94% |
| Percent CD8+ Cells | % | 3 | 1095 | -9.96 | -20.12 | 0.016 | 0.05 | 97% |
| Total Natural Killer Cells | cells/µL | 3 | 301 | -110.12 | -226.16 | 5.92 | 0.06 | 94% |
| Total CD19+/B cells | cells/µL | 3 | 301 | -22.1 | -55.7 | 11.5 | 0.2 | 51% |
| CD4+/CD8+ Ratio | - | 3 | 866 | -0.01 | -0.43 | 0.4 | 0.94 | 53% |
| Electrolytes/Renal | ||||||||
| Sodium | mmol/L | 12 | 2505 | -0.29 | -1.07 | 0.48 | 0.46 | 62% |
| Potassium | mmol/L | 8 | 1580 | 0.08 | -0.07 | 0.22 | 0.29 | 60% |
| Chloride | mmol/L | 4 | 987 | -0.85 | -2.06 | 0.36 | 0.17 | 64% |
| Calcium | mmol/L | 4 | 826 | -0.1 | -0.25 | 0.04 | 0.16 | 97% |
| Glucose | mmol/L | 16 | 3577 | 1.35 | 0.88 | 1.81 | < 0.001 | 74% |
| Blood Urea Nitrogen | mmol/L | 34 | 6596 | 3.07 | 2.55 | 3.6 | < 0.001 | 80% |
| Creatinine | µmol/L | 48 | 9695 | 17.83 | 13.89 | 21.77 | < 0.001 | 78% |
| Glomerular Filtration Rate | ml/min/1.7m^2 | 5 | 1840 | -24.3 | -33.64 | -14.97 | < 0.001 | 86% |
| Cystatin C | mg/L | 3 | 44 | 80.1 | -0.12 | 0.31 | 0.39 | 82% |
| Liver | ||||||||
| Aspartate Aminotransferase | U/L | 37 | 7510 | 9.44 | 5.98 | 12.91 | < 0.001 | 86% |
| Alanine Aminotransferase | U/L | 47 | 9018 | 3.99 | 2.25 | 5.74 | < 0.001 | 60% |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | U/L | 5 | 928 | 9.35 | 5.04 | 13.65 | < 0.001 | 0% |
| Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase | U/L | 10 | 2299 | 6.93 | 1.44 | 12.42 | 0.01 | 55% |
| Globulin | g/L | 3 | 786 | 1.74 | 0.13 | 3.36 | < 0.001 | 95% |
| Albumin | g/L | 28 | 5527 | -3.93 | -4.93 | -2.92 | 0.03 | 49% |
| Total Bilirubin | µmol/L | 32 | 6870 | 2.06 | 1.06 | 3.06 | < 0.001 | 87% |
| Direct Bilirubin | µmol/L | 8 | 1748 | 0.72 | -0.41 | 1.86 | 0.21 | 90% |
| Coagulation | ||||||||
| Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time | sec | 19 | 3097 | 0.08 | -0.14 | 0.3 | 0.47 | 82% |
| Fibrinogen | g/L | 16 | 4076 | 0.32 | 0.09 | 0.55 | 0.006 | 82% |
| Inflammatory | ||||||||
| Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate | mm/hr | 11 | 2223 | 8.17 | 4.33 | 12 | < 0.001 | 40% |
| Interleukin 1 Beta | pg/mL | 4 | 478 | -0.3 | -0.62 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0% |
| Interleukin 2 Receptor | U/mL | 6 | 1046 | 506.43 | 392.25 | 620.61 | < 0.001 | 54% |
| Interleukin 6 | pg/mL | 24 | 4578 | 26.6 | 21.65 | 31.56 | < 0.001 | 97% |
| Interleukin 8 | pg/mL | 8 | 1215 | 16.57 | 12.99 | 20.14 | < 0.001 | 15% |
| Interleukin 10 | pg/mL | 7 | 1234 | 5.09 | 2.86 | 7.33 | < 0.001 | 85% |
| Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha | pg/mL | 9 | 1422 | 3.74 | 1.07 | 6.41 | 0.006 | 93% |
| Cardiac | ||||||||
| Myoglobin | ng/mL | 9 | 2226 | 93.88 | 47.52 | 140.25 | < 0.001 | 92% |
| Creatine Kinase Isoenzyme/Myocardial Band | µmol/L | 11 | 2462 | 2.63 | 1.74 | 3.52 | < 0.001 | 52% |
| Blood Gas | ||||||||
| pH | - | 3 | 624 | 0.01 | -0.02 | 0.03 | 0.46 | 86% |
| Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide | mmHg | 7 | 1450 | -0.69 | -4.53 | 3.15 | 0.73 | 90% |
| Partial Pressure of Oxygen | mmHg | 7 | 1445 | -15.39 | -31.2 | 0.42 | 0.06 | 96% |
| Bicarbonate | mmol/L | 5 | 920 | -1.05 | -1.9 | -0.21 | 0.01 | 64% |
| PaO2:FiO2 Ratio | - | 7 | 1580 | -117.78 | -196.72 | -38.85 | 0.003 | 99% |
| Other | ||||||||
| Lactic Acid | mmol/L | 10 | 2496 | 0.42 | 0.12 | 0.71 | 0.005 | 95% |
| Ferritin | ng/mL | 19 | 3108 | 696.78 | 488.42 | 905.15 | < 0.001 | 90% |
| Total Cholesterol | mmol/L | 6 | 1421 | -0.55 | -0.84 | -0.25 | < 0.001 | 82% |
| Triglycerides | mmol/L | 5 | 1430 | 0.26 | -0.1 | 0.62 | 0.15 | 96% |
| High Density Lipoprotein | mmol/L | 4 | 1129 | -0.13 | -0.17 | -0.08 | < 0.001 | 0% |
| Low Density Lipoprotein | mmol/L | 5 | 1213 | -0.47 | -0.69 | -0.25 | < 0.001 | 72% |
| Hemoglobin A1c | % | 5 | 1855 | 0.22 | -0.14 | 0.58 | 0.23 | 82% |
| Uric Acid | µmol/L | 6 | 854 | 46.48 | 2.41 | 90.55 | 0.04 | 75% |
| Creatine Kinase | U/L | 24 | 5217 | 60.62 | 39.73 | 81.5 | < 0.001 | 75% |
| Lactate Dehydrogenase | U/L | 41 | 7883 | 164.89 | 128.87 | 200.9 | < 0.001 | 92% |
| Procalcitonin | ng/mL | 31 | 6792 | 0.21 | 0.14 | 0.29 | < 0.001 | 92% |
COVID-19: Novel coronavirus disease 2019; CD: Cluster of differentiation.