| Components of the Health Survey SF-36 Questionnaire (SF-36) |
| Dependent variables |
Test |
Groups |
Mean difference |
p |
| Role Physical |
Games-Howell |
Defensive pessimism |
Dispositional-realistic optimism |
-0.999* |
0.032 |
| Bodily Pain |
Tukey |
Dispositional-realistic pessimism |
Dispositional-realistic optimism |
-0.932* |
0.014 |
| General Health |
Games-Howell |
Dispositional-realistic pessimism |
Dispositional-realistic optimism |
-3.584*** |
0.000 |
| Games-Howell |
Defensive pessimism |
Dispositional-realistic optimism |
-2.957*** |
0.000 |
| Vitality |
Games-Howell |
Dispositional-realistic pessimism |
Dispositional-realistic optimism |
-3.238*** |
0.000 |
|
Games-Howell |
Defensive pessimism |
Dispositional-realistic optimism |
-3.105*** |
0.000 |
| Social Functioning |
Games-Howell |
Dispositional-realistic pessimism |
Dispositional-realistic optimism |
-1.520*** |
0.000 |
|
Games-Howell |
Defensive pessimism |
Dispositional-realistic optimism |
-0.891*** |
0.000 |
| Role Emotional |
Games-Howell |
Dispositional-realistic pessimism |
Dispositional-realistic optimism |
-2.489*** |
0.000 |
|
Games-Howell |
Defensive pessimism |
Dispositional-realistic optimism |
-2.047*** |
0.000 |
| Mental Health |
Games-Howell |
Dispositional-realistic pessimism |
Dispositional-realistic optimism |
-4.678*** |
0.000 |
|
Games-Howell |
Defensive pessimism |
Dispositional-realistic optimism |
-4.673*** |
0.000 |
| Physical Health Component |
Games-Howell |
Dispositional-realistic pessimism |
Dispositional-realistic optimism |
-6.515*** |
0.000 |
|
Games-Howell |
Defensive pessimism |
Dispositional-realistic optimism |
-4.860*** |
0.000 |
| Mental Health Component |
Games-Howell |
Dispositional-realistic pessimism |
Dispositional-realistic optimism |
-11.926*** |
0.000 |
|
Games-Howell |
Defensive pessimism |
Dispositional-realistic optimism |
-10.743*** |
0.000 |
| Categories of the Health Behavior Checklist (HBC) |
| Dependent variables |
Test |
Groups |
Mean difference |
p |
| Wellness Maintenance and Enhancement Behaviors |
Tukey |
Defensive pessimism |
Dispositional-realistic optimism |
-3.348*** |
0.000 |
| Preventive Health Behavior |
Games-Howell |
Defensive pessimism |
Dispositional-realistic optimism |
-5.029*** |
0.000 |
| Substance Risk Taking |
Tukey |
Dispositional-realistic pessimism |
Defensive pessimism |
1.446* |
0.011 |
| Tukey |
Dispositional-realistic pessimism |
Dispositional-realistic optimism |
1.771** |
0.001 |
| ***p ≤ 0.001; **p ≤ 0.01; * p ≤ 0.05. |