Table 3: Groups, Means, Standard Deviations of the Study Variables.
| Dispositional-realistic pessimism | Defensive pessimism | Dispositional-realistic optimism | ||||
| N = 54 | N = 151 | N = 147 | ||||
| Scale (number of items) | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD |
| Optimism LOT-R [6] | 16.67 | 2.99 | 16.13 | 3.20 | 27.69 | 1.31 |
| Physical Functioning [10] | 28.35 | 2.37 | 28.33 | 2.90 | 28.93 | 2.50 |
| Role Physical [4] | 16.78 | 4.15 | 17.20 | 3.78 | 18.20 | 2.98 |
| Bodily Pain [2] | 8.00 | 2.24 | 8.60 | 2.17 | 8.93 | 1.90 |
| General Health [5] | 18.06 | 3.61 | 18.68 | 4.21 | 21.64 | 2.82 |
| Vitality [4] | 12.46 | 2.97 | 12.60 | 3.34 | 15.70 | 2.64 |
| Social Functioning [2] | 7.63 | 2.09 | 8.26 | 2.08 | 9.15 | 1.44 |
| Role Emotional [3] | 11.80 | 3.18 | 12.24 | 2.95 | 14.29 | 1.43 |
| Mental Health [5] | 16.98 | 3.74 | 16.99 | 4.03 | 21.66 | 2.10 |
| Physical Health Component [21] | 71.19 | 9.43 | 72.84 | 10.48 | 77.70 | 7.79 |
| Mental Health Component [14] | 48.87 | 9.86 | 50.05 | 10.60 | 60.80 | 5.63 |
| Wellness Maintenance and Enhancement Behaviors [10] | 27.93 | 6.87 | 26.28 | 6.91 | 29.63 | 7.70 |
| Accident Control Behaviors [6] | 16.41 | 4.73 | 15.79 | 4.41 | 17.47 | 5.08 |
| Traffic Risk Taking [7] | 17.30 | 4.95 | 17.00 | 4.79 | 16.90 | 4.83 |
| Substance Risk Taking [3] | 8.24 | 3.37 | 6.79 | 3.14 | 6.47 | 3.02 |
| Preventive Health Behavior [16] | 44.33 | 9.27 | 42.07 | 9.63 | 47.10 | 11.08 |
| Risk Taking Behavior [10] | 25.54 | 6.38 | 23.79 | 6.37 | 23.37 | 6.00 |
| Age | 32.87 | 9.73 | 33.27 | 10.18 | 39.60 | 10.07 |