Table 3: The five forms of overexcitabilities (OE; based on Dabrowski & Piechowski, Piechowski, Daniels & Piechowski, Lind) [21,80,81,83].
Sensual OE |
Psychomotor OE |
Imaginational OE |
Intellectual OE |
Emotional OE |
Heightened experience of sensual pleasure or displeasure including all senses |
Heightened excitability of the neuromuscular systems. Intense physical activity and a need for action |
Heightened play of the imagination, visualization, and association |
To seek understanding and truth |
Heightened, intense feelings |
Experience in extreme |
High energy level |
Imagine many possibilities |
Passion for learning and making sense of things |
Emotions deeply processed and displayed very strongly |
· Experience of a magnificent sunset, music or artwork may move the whole being · May seek sensual experience or may feel overstimulated/uncomfortable with abundance of sensory input and withdrawal completely · Experience may include irritating clothing tag, classroom noise, or environment smell |
· Show intense drive · Find great joy from immense activity · Rapid speech or “surplus of energy” · Talk compulsively · Act impulsively · Misbehave · Display nervous habits · Tapping feet, biting nails · Potential for being misdiagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD; Lind, 2001) |
· Visual thinkers · Abstract minds · Enjoy creation · Out-of-box thinkers · Can create and live in their own worlds- in their heads · May be a coping mechanism for companionship or boredom |
· High in metacognition, thinking about thinking · Strong concerns for moral issues, fairness, and world problems · Love of theory · Big picture thinkers · Strategic mind-set · Exceptional processing abilities · Keenly observant · Tenacious problem solvers · Avid readers · Appear critical, impatient · Frustrated when others cannot follow their pace |
· Extraordinary awareness · Extreme compassion, empathy, sensitivity · Practice self reflection · Strong connection to self, feelings, inner development · Ability to deeply connect with people and environment · Physical manifestation may include stomach aches, flushed skin, and depression
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