Table 1: Push and pull travel motives.
| Push factor | Pull factor |
| Be close to nature | Aboriginal culture |
| Education | Accommodation and lodging |
| Escapism and relaxation | Advertisement and promotions |
| Experiencing extreme activities | City experience and night life entertainment |
| Forge new relationships or strengthen current relationships | Climate and environment |
| Gain a new perspective | Convenient transportation |
| Improve health and well-being | Education opportunities for foreigners |
| Learn about local and different culture(s) | Family and friends |
| Learn a new language | Flora and fauna |
| Nostalgia | Food |
| Prestige and luxury experience | Historical sites (e.g. UNESCO) |
| Professional development | Famous iconic landmarks (e.g. Eiffel Tower) |
| Rite of passage | Natural landscapes |
| Seek adventure and novel experience | Outdoor activities |
| Seek independence | Proximity to home country |
| Self-development and/or self-actualization | Security and safety |
| Shopping | Shopping malls |
| Taste new or exotic food | Simple visa application |
| Visit family or friends | Variety of group tours |
| Visit historical sites | Volunteer opportunities |