Table 1: Early
AMS dates on macrobotanical maize samples. The table
includes early dates from Mexico since they represent the chronological
baseline for dated samples in other regions of the Neotropics
and western South America.
Country/Region |
Site |
Dated
material |
14C method |
14C years B.P. |
Sample
ID no. |
Reference |
Mexico |
||||||
Oaxaca |
Guilá Naquitz |
Maize Cob |
AMS |
5420 ± 60 |
Beta-132511 |
[47] |
Puebla |
San Marcos Cave |
Maize Cob |
AMS |
4700 ± 110 |
AA-3311 |
[100] |
Puebla |
El Riego
Cave |
Maize Cob |
AMS |
3850 ± 240 |
AA-52684 |
[15] |
Puebla |
Coxcatlan Cave |
Maize Cob |
AMS |
3740 ± 60 |
AA-3313 |
(Table 1) |
Tamaulipas |
Romero's Cave |
Maize Cob |
AMS |
3930 ± 50 |
Beta-85431 |
[101] |
Tamaulipas |
Valenzuela's Cave |
Maize Cob |
AMS |
3890 ± 60 |
Beta-85433 |
[102] |
Chiapas |
San Carlos |
Kernel |
AMS |
3365 ± 55 |
Beta-62911 |
|
Chihuahua |
Cerro Juanaquena |
Maize Cob |
AMS |
2980 ± 50 |
INS-3983 |
[105] |
Tabasco |
San Andres |
Maize Cob |
AMS |
2565 ± 45 |
AA-33923 |
[106] |
Sonora |
La Playa |
Maize |
AMS |
1885 ± 50 |
n/a |
[107] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ecuador/coast |
Loma Alta |
Kernels |
AMS |
3500 |
n/a |
[108] |
Ecuador/coast |
Loma Alta |
Carbonized Kernels |
AMS |
2490 ± 40 |
Beta-103315 |
[109] |
Peru |
||||||
Northern highlands |
Pancan |
Maize Cob |
Conventional |
1500 ± 40 |
n/a |
[110] |
Trujillo/north coast |
Paredones |
Charred Husk |
AMS |
5900 ± 40 |
OS-86020 |
[48] |
Trujillo/north coast |
Paredones |
Charred Maize |
AMS |
5584 ± 35 |
AA-86932 |
[48] |
Trujillo/north coast |
Paredones |
Charred cob |
AMS |
4181 ± 34 |
AA-86934 |
[48] |
Central Coast |
Los Gavilanes |
Maize Cob |
AMS |
2333 ± 35 |
AA-93181 |
[111] |
North Central coast |
Caballete |
Maize Stalk |
Conventional |
2380 ± 40 |
GX-32724 |
|
|
||||||
Brazil/Minas
Gerais |
Peruaçu Valley |
Maize Cob |
AMS |
990 ± 60 |
- |
[114] |
|
||||||
Argentina/Mendoza |
Gruta del Indio |
Maize |
Conventional |
2065 ± 40 |
GrN-5396 |
[115] |
Catamarca/highlands |
Punta de la Pena 4 |
Kernel |
AMS |
560 ± 50 |
UGA-15089 |
[110] |
|
||||||
Chile/North Coast |
Ramaditas |
Maize Cob |
AMS |
2210 ± 55 |
GX-21725 |
[98] |
|
Guatacondo |
Maize Cob |
AMS |
1865 |
UCLA-1698c |
[98] |
|
Rixhasca |
Kernel |
AMS |
1025 |
GX-21748 |
[98] |
|
Tiliviche 1-b |
Maize Cob |
AMS |
920 ± 32 |
AA-56416 |
[98] |
Note: Only the earliest macrobotanical
dates are presented.