Table 2: Unadjusted outcomes at the beginning and end of the study period between providers exposed and unexposed to academic detailing.
| Groups | Average proportion of high-dose opioids at baseline, mean (SD) | Average proportion of high-dose opioids at end of study, mean (SD) | Difference, mean (SD) | Difference in differences, mean (95% CI) |
| AD-exposed (N = 1,813) | 2.05% (5.22%) | 1.24% (3.93%) | -0.81% (4.11%) | -0.40% (0.20%, 0.60%) |
| AD-unexposed (N = 14,180) | 1.14% (3.90%) | 0.7% (3.74%) | -0.41% (4.01%) | |
| Groups | Average monthly MME at baseline, mean (SD) | Average monthly MME at end of study, mean (SD) | Difference, mean (SD) | Difference in differences, mean (95% CI) |
| AD-exposed (N = 1,813) | 9.42 (21.37) | 5.73 (12.89) | -3.69 (14.50) | -1.80 (1.10, 2.50) |
| AD-unexposed (N = 14,180) | 5.99 (13.95) | 4.11 (11.57) | -1.89 (11.80) |
AD: Academic detailing; MME: Morphine milligram equivalent; SD: Standard deviation; CI: Confidence interval