Postoperative opioid use.

Table 3: Postoperative opioid use.

	Control (n = 80)	SST (n = 47)
Patients Requiring Postoperative Opioids	63.0%	10.6%^†
Postoperative Total Opioid Dose(MME; mean ± SEM)^a	4.4 ± 0.5 mg	0.9 ± 0.4 mg^‡

^aIncludes IV and oral opioids administered in the post-anesthesia care unit;

^†p < 0.001 via Chi Square Test;

^‡p < 0.001 via Student’s T Test;

MME: Morphine milligram equivalents; SEM: Standard error of the mean.