Spermidine serum levels in AD, pure AD, MCI, and CTLs. The values are mean ± SD, P values ≤ 0.05 are statistically significant.

Table 2: Spermidine serum levels in AD, pure AD, MCI, and CTLs. The values are mean ± SD, P values ≤ 0.05 are statistically significant.

Groups	Spermidine	P values
AD	227.2 ± 395.7	AD/CTL: 0.19
Pure AD	215.3 ± 243.2	Pure AD/CTL: 0.08
MCI	266.9 ± 249.4	MCI/CTL: 0.01
CTL	112.3 ± 82.0	AD/MCI : 0.74

Abbreviations: AchEI: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor; AD: Alzheimer's disease; APOE: Apolipoprotein E; CDR: Clinical dementia rating; CTL: Control; MCI: Mild cognitive impairment; MMSE: Mini mental state examination; PAD: Pure AD; SOB: Sum of boxes